Project and Seminar Topics: 2009

Saturday, March 14, 2009

Nessus

In computer security, Nessus is a proprietary comprehensive vulnerability scanning software. It is free of charge for personal use in a non-enterprise environment. Its goal is to detect potential vulnerabilities on the tested systems. For example:
Vulnerabilities that allow a remote cracker to control or access sensitive data on a system.
Misconfiguration (e.g. open mail relay, missing patches, etc).
Default passwords, a few common passwords, and blank/absent passwords on some system accounts. Nessus can also call Hydra (an external tool) to launch a dictionary attack.
Denials of service against the TCP/IP stack by using mangled packets

On UNIX (including Mac OS X), it consists of nessusd, the Nessus daemon, which does the scanning, and nessus, the client, which controls scans and presents the vulnerability results to the user. For Windows, Nessus 3 installs as an executable and has a self-contained scanning, reporting and management system.

Nessus is the world's most popular vulnerability scanner, estimated to be used by over 75,000 organizations worldwide. It took first place in the 2000, 2003, and 2006 security tools survey from SecTools.Org

links

Mobile Computing

Mobile computing is a generic term describing one's ability to use technology while moving, as opposed to portable computers, which are only practical for use while deployed in a stationary configuration.

Many types of mobile computers have been introduced since the 1990s, including the:

    * Wearable computer
    * Personal digital assistant/Enterprise digital assistant
    * Smartphone
    * Carputer
    * UMPC

Links:

Friday, March 13, 2009

Holographic Versatile Disc

The Holographic Versatile Disc (HVD) is an optical disc technology that, in the future, may hold up to 3.9 terabytes (TB) of information, although the current maximum is 250GB. It employs a technique known as collinear holography, whereby two lasers, one red and one green, are collimated in a single beam. The green laser reads data encoded as laser interference fringes from a holographic layer near the top of the disc while the red laser is used as the reference beam and to read servo information from a regular CD-style aluminum layer near the bottom. Servo information is used to monitor the position of the read head over the disc, similar to the head, track, and sector information on a conventional hard disk drive. On a CD or DVD this servo information is interspersed amongst the data.

A dichroic mirror layer between the holographic data and the servo data reflects the green laser while letting the red laser pass through. This prevents interference from refraction of the green laser off the servo data pits and is an advance over past holographic storage media, which either experienced too much interference, or lacked the servo data entirely, making them incompatible with current CD and DVD drive technology. These discs have the capacity to hold up to 3.9 terabytes (TB) of information. The HVD also has a transfer rate of 1 Gbit/s (125 MB/s). Optware planned to release a 200 GB disc in early June 2006, and Maxell planned one for September 2006 with a capacity of 300 GB and transfer rate of 20 MB/s -- although HVD standards were approved and published on June 28, 2007, neither company has released an HVD as of March, 2009.

Study material links:

Sunday, March 8, 2009

Satellite radio

A satellite radio or subscription radio (SR) is a digital radio signal that is broadcast by a communications satellite, which covers a much wider geographical range than terrestrial radio signals.

For now, satellite radio offers a meaningful alternative to ground-based radio services in some countries, notably the United States. Mobile services, such as Sirius, XM, and Worldspace, allow listeners to roam across an entire continent, listening to the same audio programming anywhere they go. Other services, such as Music Choice or Muzak's satellite-delivered content, require a fixed-location receiver and a dish antenna. In all cases, the antenna must have a clear view to the satellites. In areas where tall buildings, bridges, or even parking garages obscure the signal, repeaters can be placed to make the signal available to listeners.

Radio services are usually provided by commercial ventures and are subscription-based. The various services are proprietary signals, requiring specialized hardware for decoding and playback. Providers usually carry a variety of news, weather, sports, and music channels, with the music channels generally being commercial-free.

In areas with a relatively high population density, it is easier and less expensive to reach the bulk of the population with terrestrial broadcasts. Thus in the UK and some other countries, the contemporary evolution of radio services is focused on Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) services or HD Radio, rather than satellite radio.

Saturday, March 7, 2009

Silverlight

Microsoft Silverlight is a programmable web browser plugin that enables features such as animation, vector graphics and audio-video playback that characterizes rich Internet applications. Version 2.0, released October 2008, brings additional interactivity features and support for .NET languages and development tools. It is compatible with multiple web browser products used on Microsoft Windows and Mac OS X operating systems. Mobile devices, starting with Windows Mobile 6 and Symbian (Series 60) phones, will also be supported.A third-party free software implementation named Moonlight is under development to bring compatible functionality to GNU/Linux.

Silverlight provides a retained mode graphics system similar to Windows Presentation Foundation, and integrates multimedia, graphics, animations and interactivity into a single runtime environment. It is being designed to work in conjunction with XAML and is scriptable with JavaScript. XAML can be used for marking up the vector graphics and animations. Textual content created with Silverlight is searchable and indexable by search engines as it is not compiled, but represented as text (XAML).Silverlight can also be used to create Windows Sidebar gadgets for Windows Vista.

Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a wireless protocol for exchanging data over short distances from fixed and mobile devices, creating personal area networks (PANs). It was originally conceived as a wireless alternative to RS232 data cables. It can connect several devices, overcoming problems of synchronization.The word "Bluetooth" is an Anglicized version of the name of a tenth-century king, Harald Blaatand, king of Denmark and Norway, who united dissonant Scandinavian tribes into a single kingdom. The implication is that Bluetooth does the same with communications protocols, uniting them into one universal standard.

Bluetooth uses a radio technology called frequency-hopping spread spectrum, which chops up the data being sent and transmits chunks of it on up to 79 frequencies. In its basic mode, the modulation is Gaussian frequency-shift keying (GFSK). It can achieve a gross data rate of 1 Mb/s. Bluetooth provides a way to connect and exchange information between devices such as mobile phones, telephones, laptops, personal computers, printers, Global Positioning System (GPS) receivers, digital cameras, and video game consoles through a secure, globally unlicensed Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) 2.4 GHz short-range radio frequency bandwidth. The Bluetooth specifications are developed and licensed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (SIG). The Bluetooth SIG consists of companies in the areas of telecommunication, computing, networking, and consumer electronics.

Wearable computers

Wearable computers are computers that are worn on the body. They have been applied to areas such as behavioral modeling, health monitoring systems, information technologies and media development. Wearable computers are especially useful for applications that require computational support while the user's hands, voice, eyes or attention are actively engaged with the physical environment.

"Wearable computing" is an active topic of research, with areas of study including user interface design, augmented reality, pattern recognition, use of wearables for specific applications or disabilities, electronic textiles and fashion design. Many issues are common to the wearables, mobile computing, Pervasive computing, Ambient intelligence and ubiquitous computing research communities, including power management and heat dissipation, software architectures, wireless and personal area networks and bobs.

One of the main features of a wearable computer is consistency. There is a constant interaction between the computer and user, ie. there is no need to turn the device on or off. Another feature is the ability to multi-task. It is not necessary to stop what you are doing to use the device; it is augmented into all other actions. These devices can be incorporated by the user to act like a prosthetic. It can therefore be an extension of the user’s mind and/or body.

Resource links:

Cluster computing

A computer cluster is a group of linked computers, working together closely so that in many respects they form a single computer. The components of a cluster are commonly, but not always, connected to each other through fast local area networks. Clusters are usually deployed to improve performance and/or availability over that provided by a single computer, while typically being much more cost-effective than single computers of comparable speed or availability.

Cluster categorizations:
High-availability (HA) clusters
Load-balancing clusters
Compute clusters
Grid computing

The history of cluster computing is best captured by a footnote in Greg Pfister's In Search of Clusters: “Virtually every press release from DEC mentioning clusters says ‘DEC, who invented clusters…’. IBM did not invent them either. Customers invented clusters, as soon as they could not fit all their work on one computer, or needed a backup. The date of the first is unknown, but it would be surprising if it was not in the 1960s, or even late 1950s.

Content links

Thursday, March 5, 2009

Quantum computer

A quantum computer is a device for computation that makes direct use of quantum mechanical phenomena, such as superposition and entanglement, to perform operations on data. The basic principle behind quantum computation is that quantum properties can be used to represent data and perform operations on these data.

Although quantum computing is still in its infancy, experiments have been carried out in which quantum computational operations were executed on a very small number of qubits (quantum binary digits). Both practical and theoretical research continues with interest, and many national government and military funding agencies support quantum computing research to develop quantum computers for both civilian and national security purposes, such as cryptanalysis.

If large-scale quantum computers can be built, they will be able to solve certain problems much faster than any of our current classical computers (for example Shor's algorithm). Quantum computers are different from other computers such as DNA computers and traditional computers based on transistors. Some computing architectures such as optical computers[3] may use classical superposition of electromagnetic waves. Without some specifically quantum mechanical resources such as entanglement, it is conjectured that an exponential advantage over classical computers is not possible.

Reference links

Wednesday, March 4, 2009

HVAC

HVAC (pronounced either "H-V-A-C" or "H-vak") is an initialism or acronym that stands for "heating, ventilating, and air conditioning". HVAC is sometimes referred to as climate control and is particularly important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers and in marine environments such as aquariums, where humidity and temperature must all be closely regulated whilst maintaining safe and healthy conditions within. In certain regions (e.g., UK) the term "Building Services" is also used, but may also include plumbing and electrical systems. Refrigeration is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, or ventilating is dropped as HACR (such as the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers).

Heating, ventilating, and air conditioning is based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer, and on inventions and discoveries made by Michael Faraday, Willis Carrier, Reuben Trane, James Joule, William Rankine, Sadi Carnot, and many others. The invention of the components of HVAC systems went hand-in-hand with the industrial revolution, and new methods of modernization, higher efficiency, and system control are constantly introduced by companies and inventors all over the world.

Reference links for seminar:

Tuesday, March 3, 2009

Mobile IP

The Mobile IP protocol allows transparent routing of IP datagrams on the Internet. Each mobile node is identified by its home address disregarding its current location in the Internet. While away from home, a mobile node is associated with a care-of address which gives information about its current location. Mobile IP specifies how a mobile node registers with its home agent and how the home agent routes datagrams to the mobile node through a tunnel. Mobile IP provides an efficient, scalable mechanism for roaming within the Internet. Using Mobile IP, nodes may change their point-of-attachment to the Internet without changing their IP address. This allows them to maintain transport and higher-layer connections while moving. Node mobility is realized without the need to propagate host-specific routes throughout the Internet routing fabric.

Reference materials:

Saturday, February 28, 2009

FireWire

FireWire is Apple Computer's version of a standard, IEEE 1394, High Performance Serial Bus, for connecting devices to your personal computer. FireWire provides a single plug-and-socket connection on which up to 63 devices can be attached with data transfer speeds up to 400 Mbps (megabits per second). The standard describes a serial bus or pathway between one or more peripheral devices and your computer's microprocessor. Many peripheral devices now come equipped to meet IEEE 1394. FireWire and other IEEE 1394 implementations provide:
A simple common plug-in serial connector on the back of your computer and on many different types of peripheral devices
A thin serial cable rather than the thicker parallel cable you now use to your printer, for example
A very high-speed rate of data transfer that will accommodate multimedia applications (100 and 200 megabits per second today; with much higher rates later)
Hot-plug and Plug and Play capability without disrupting your computer
The ability to chain devices together in a number of different ways without terminators or complicated set-up requirements

Reference links

Home Networking

A home network is a residential local area network, and is used to connect multiple devices within the home.

The simplest home networks are used to connect 2 or more PCs for sharing files, printers, and a single connection to the Internet (usually broadband Internet through a cable or DSL provider). A server can be added for increased functionality.

More recently telephone companies such as AT&T and British Telecom have been using home networking to provide triple play services (voice, video and data) to customers. These use IPTV to provide the video service. The home network usually operates over the existing home wiring (coax in North America, phone wires in multi dwelling units (MDU) and powerline in Europe). These home networks are often professionally installed and managed by the telco.

Study material links:

Saturday, February 21, 2009

Plasma display

A plasma display panel (PDP) is a type of flat panel display common to large TV displays (37in. [940mm]). Many tiny cells between two panels of glass hold an inert mixture of noble gases. The gas in the cells is electrically turned into a plasma which then excites phosphors to emit light. Plasma displays should not be confused with LCDs, another lightweight flatscreen display using different technology.

PLAN 9 Operating system

Plan 9 from Bell Labs is a distributed operating system, primarily used for research. It was developed as the research successor to Unix by the Computing Sciences Research Center at Bell Labs between the mid-1980s and 2002. Plan 9 is most notable for representing all system interfaces, including those required for networking and the user-interface, through the file system rather than specialized interfaces. Plan 9 aims to provide users with a workstation-independent working environment through the use of the 9P protocols. Plan 9 continues to be used and developed in some circles as a research operating system and by hobbyists.

Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) developed by the United States Department of Defense and managed by the United States Air Force 50th Space Wing. It is the only fully functional GNSS in the world, can be used freely, and is often used by civilians for navigation purposes. It uses a constellation of between 24 and 32 Medium Earth Orbit satellites that transmit precise microwave signals, which allow GPS receivers to determine their current location, the time, and their velocity. Its official name is NAVSTAR GPS. Although NAVSTAR is not an acronym, a few backronyms have been created for it.

GPS has become a widely used aid to navigation worldwide, and a useful tool for map-making, land surveying, commerce, scientific uses, and hobbies such as geocaching. Also, the precise time reference is used in many applications including the scientific study of earthquakes. GPS is also a required key synchronization resource of cellular networks, such as the Qualcomm CDMA air interface used by many wireless carriers in a multitude of countries

Contents related to this are as follows:

Friday, February 20, 2009

Spyware and Trojan horses

Spyware is computer software that is installed surreptitiously on a personal computer to intercept or take partial control over the user's interaction with the computer, without the user's informed consent.

While the term spyware suggests software that secretly monitors the user's behavior, the functions of spyware extend well beyond simple monitoring. Spyware programs can collect various types of personal information, such as Internet surfing habits, sites that have been visited, but can also interfere with user control of the computer in other ways, such as installing additional software, and redirecting Web browser activity. Spyware is known to change computer settings, resulting in slow connection speeds, different home pages, and/or loss of Internet or functionality of other programs. In an attempt to increase the understanding of spyware, a more formal classification of its included software types is captured under the term privacy-invasive software.

The Trojan horse, also known as trojan, in the context of computing and software, describes a class of computer threats (malware) that appears to perform a desirable function but in fact performs undisclosed malicious functions that allow unauthorized access to the host machine. For example, if a computer game is designed such that, when executed by the user, it opens a back door that allows a hacker to control the computer of the user, then the computer game is said to be a Trojan horse. However, if the computer game is legitimate, but was infected by a virus, then it is not a Trojan horse, regardless of what the virus may do when the game is executed.

Resource Links

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Voice over Internet Protocol

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a general term for a family of transmission technologies for delivery of voice communications over IP networks such as the Internet or other packet-switched networks. Other terms frequently encountered and synonymous with VoIP are IP telephony, Internet telephony, voice over broadband (VoBB), broadband telephony, and broadband phone.
VoIP systems usually interface with the traditional public switched telephone network (PSTN) to allow for transparent phone communications worldwide.
VoIP systems employ session control protocols to control the set-up and tear-down of calls as well as audio codecs which encode speech allowing transmission over an IP network as digital audio via an audio stream. Codec use is varied between different implementations of VoIP (and often a range of codecs are used); some implementations rely on narrowband and compressed speech, while others support high fidelity stereo codecs.

VoIP can be a benefit for reducing communication and infrastructure costs. Examples include:
Routing phone calls over existing data networks to avoid the need for separate voice and data networks
Conference calling, IVR, call forwarding, automatic redial, and caller ID features that traditional telecommunication companies (telcos) normally charge extra for are available for free from open source VoIP implementations such as Asterisk.
Resource links:

SSL-TLS

SSL Version 3, documented in an IETF draft, provides one of the most commonly available security mechanisms on the Internet. SSL stands for Secure Sockets Layer, though IETF has renamed it TLS (Transport Layer Security). TLS is documented in RFC 2246 and identifies itself in the protocol version field as SSL 3.1.
Developed by Netscape, SSL is used extensively by web browsers to provide secure connections for transferring credit cards numbers and other sensitive data. An SSL-protected HTTP transfer uses port 443 (instead of HTTP's normal port 80), and is identified with a special URL method - https. Thus, https://www.verisign.com/ would cause an SSL-enabled browser to open a secure SSL session to port 443 at www.verisign.com.

SSL, like most modern security protocols, is based on cryptography. When an SSL session is established, the server begins by announcing a public key to the client. No encryption is in use initially, so both parties (and any eavesdropper) can read this key, but the client can now transmit information to the server in a way that no one else could decode. The client generates 46 bytes of random data, forms them into a single very large number according to PKCS#1, encrypts them with the server's public key, and sends the result to the server. Only the server, with its private key, can decode the information to determine the 46 original bytes. This shared secret is now used to generate a set of conventional RC4 cipher keys to encrypt the rest of the session.
Resource links:

PolyBot - Modular, self-reconfigurable robots

Self-Reconfiguring Modular Robotics, Modular self-reconfiguring robotic systems or self-reconfigurable modular robots are autonomous kinematic machines with variable morphology. Beyond conventional actuation, sensing and control typically found in fixed-morphology robots, self-reconfiguring robots are also able to deliberately change their own shape by rearranging the connectivity of their parts, in order to adapt to new circumstances, perform new tasks, or recover from damage.
For example, a robot made of such components could assume a worm-like shape to move through a narrow pipe, reassemble into something with spider-like legs to cross uneven terrain, then form a third arbitrary object (like a ball or wheel that can spin itself) to move quickly over a fairly flat terrain; it can also be used for making "fixed" objects, such as walls, shelters, or buildings.

Modular robots are usually composed of multiple building blocks of a relatively small repertoire, with uniform docking interfaces that allow transfer of mechanical forces and moments, electrical power and communication throughout the robot.
Resource links

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link 3 (pdf)
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Facial recognition system

A facial recognition system is a computer application for automatically identifying or verifying a person from a digital image or a video frame from a video source. One of the ways to do this is by comparing selected facial features from the image and a facial database.
It is typically used in security systems and can be compared to other biometrics such as fingerprint or eye iris recognition systems.

Some facial recognition algorithms identify faces by extracting landmarks, or features, from an image of the subject's face. For example, an algorithm may analyze the relative position, size, and/or shape of the eyes, nose, cheekbones, and jaw. These features are then used to search for other images with matching features.
Resource links:

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link 7 (code)

Captchas

A CAPTCHA or Captcha is a type of challenge-response test used in computing to ensure that the response is not generated by a computer. The process usually involves one computer (a server) asking a user to complete a simple test which the computer is able to generate and grade. Because other computers are unable to solve the CAPTCHA, any user entering a correct solution is presumed to be human. Thus, it is sometimes described as a reverse Turing test, because it is administered by a machine and targeted to a human, in contrast to the standard Turing test that is typically administered by a human and targeted to a machine. A common type of CAPTCHA requires that the user type letters or digits from a distorted image that appears on the screen.

CAPTCHAs are used to prevent automated software from performing actions which degrade the quality of service of a given system, whether due to abuse or resource expenditure. Although CAPTCHAs are most often deployed as a response to encroachment by commercial interests, the notion that they exist to stop only spammers is mistaken.

Thursday, February 19, 2009

Ext3 File System

The ext3 or third extended file system is a journaled file system that is commonly used by the Linux operating system. It is the default file system for many popular Linux distributions. Stephen Tweedie first revealed that he was working on extending ext2 in Journaling the Linux ext2fs File system in 1998 [2] paper and later in a February 1999 kernel mailing list posting[3] and the filesystem was merged with the mainline Linux kernel in November 2001 from 2.4.15 onward.[4] Its main advantage over ext2 is journaling which improves reliability and eliminates the need to check the file system after an unclean shutdown.

Although its performance (speed) is less attractive than competing Linux filesystems such as JFS, ReiserFS and XFS, it has a significant advantage in that it allows in-place upgrades from the ext2 file system without having to back up and restore data. Ext3 also uses less CPU power than ReiserFS and XFS.[5] It is also considered safer than the other Linux file systems due to its relative simplicity and wider testing base.
For more in depth information, here r some links:

Embedded Linux

Embedded Linux is the use of a Linux operating system in embedded computer systems such as mobile phones, personal digital assistants, media players, set-top boxes, and other consumer electronics devices, networking equipment, machine control, industrial automation, navigation equipment and medical instruments. According to survey conducted by Venture Development Corporation, Linux was used by 18% of embedded engineers.

Here are some very useful sites and powerpoint presentation on embedded Linux........

News and technical articles concerning embedded Linux

Embedded Linux mailist list archive

Introduction to embedded Linux

Embedded OS and Linux

Embedded Linux

Computer forensics

Computer forensics is a branch of forensic science pertaining to legal evidence found in computers and digital storage mediums. Computer forensics is also known as digital forensics.

The goal of computer forensics is to explain the current state of a digital artifact. The term digital artifact can include a computer system, a storage medium (such as a hard disk or CD-ROM), an electronic document (e.g. an email message or JPEG image) or even a sequence of packets moving over a computer network. The explanation can be as straightforward as "what information is here?" and as detailed as "what is the sequence of events responsible for the present situation?"
These things must be covered in this include are

Resources for this topics:

Wednesday, February 18, 2009

Security Protocol For Sensor Network

Wireless sensor networks will be widely deployed in the near future. While much research has focused on making these networks
feasible and useful, security has received little attention. We present a suite of security protocols optimized for sensor networks: SPINS.
SPINS has two secure building blocks: SNEP and TESLA. SNEP includes: data confidentiality, two-party data authentication, and
evidence of data freshness. TESLA provides authenticated broadcast for severely resource-constrained environments. We implemented
the above protocols, and show that they are practical even on minimal hardware: the performance of the protocol suite easily matches the
data rate of our network. Additionally, we demonstrate that the suite can be used for building higher level protocols.
Keywords: secure communication protocols, sensor networks, mobile ad hoc networks, MANET, authentication of wireless communication,
secrecy and confidentiality, cryptography
Resource Links
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link 2 (ppt)
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link 4 (ppt)
link 5
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link 7

Seminar topics

Here I am providing some of the topics for computer science students

* SPINS -Security Protocol For Sensor Network
* Generic visual perception processor
* Nanotechnology Assembler Design And Nano-Communication
* Tele-Immersion
* Liquid Crystal on Silicon Display (LCOS)
* Jini - advanced set of network protocols
* Computer memory based on the protein bacterio-rhodopsin
* CSS and DeCSS
* Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (MBMS)
* Extreme Programming (XP)
* Holographic Versatile Disc
* Zero Knowledge proofs
* Bimolecular Computers
* Context Disambiguation On Web Search Results
* Touch Screen Technology
* Surface Computer
* Face Recognition Technology
* DNA Computing in security
* 4g Wireless Systems
* Spyware and Trojan horses
* Zigbee
* Java Management Extensions (JMX) - component framework for building intelligent network
* Quantum cryptography
* Home Networking
* Steganography and digital watermarking
* TouchFLO Technology
* NESSUS *
* 3D Volume Storage
* Optical Networking and Dense Wavelength Division Multiplexing
* Software-Defined Radio
* Space-time adaptive processing
* multimedia-oriented web based instructional system
* Porting Device Drivers For The Solaris ~
* Steganography - The art of hiding information
* VHDL (VHSIC Hardware Description Language)
* Global Positioning System~
* Magnetic RAM
* Embedded computers
* SSL-TLS
* Quad core Module technology
* Micro Total analysis systems
* Plasma Displays~
* Computerized Paper Evaluation Using Neural Network
* Mesh Based Geometric data processing
* DNA Computing~
* Multiple Domain Orientation
* Digital Rights Management
* Multimedia Broadcasting via Satellite
* USB Tape Drives
* UMA (Unlicensed Mobile Access)
* Virtual Reality~
* Embedded Configurable Operating system
* Cluster computing
* Digital cash
* PLAN 9 Operating system
* Brain computer interface & systems
* Digital Imaging~
* Wearable computers
* Data Mining concepts & Models
* Captchas
* Computer forensics
* Quantum computing
* LOC technology (Lab On a Chip)
* Advanced Design repository systems
* Security of Open-Source Software
* Wireless Markup Language
* B-ISDN Reference Model
* Agent OS
* iSCSI-Future of Network Storage
* PolyBot - Modular, self-reconfigurable robots
* AMD Processors
* Bluetooth Based Smart Sensor Networks
* multimedia-oriented web based instructional
* BioComputers
* Ubiquitous computing
* Microcontroller Based Power Theft Identification
* Computer Forensics
* Microcontroller Based Automation
* Quantum teleportation
* Curl: A Gentle Slope Language For The Web
* Grid Data Farm for Petascale
* Vertical Cavity Surface Emitting Laser
* Dna Computing In Security
* Bio Telemetry
* Digital Visual Interface
* Embedded Linux
* Management Information System
* Teleportation
* Ext3 Filesystem
* Radio Astronomy
* Security threats in the World Wide Web
* Facial Recognition System
* Visual Neuro Prosthetics
* Multiple client's communication
* Fluorescent Multilayer Optical Data Storage
*Wearable computers
*DNA Based computer

I have collected these topics name from various sites.Regarding content for each topic, I will post them as soon as possible......

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