Energy-efficient communication protocol for wireless microsensor networks

Wireless distributed microsensor systems will enable the reliable monitoring of a variety of environments for both civil and military applications. In this paper, we look at communication protocols, which can have significant impact on the overall energy dissipation of these networks. Based on our findings that the conventional protocols of direct transmission, minimum-transmission-energy, multihop routing, and static clustering may not be optimal for sensor networks, we propose LEACH (Low-Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy), a clustering-based protocol that utilizes randomized rotation of local cluster base stations (cluster-heads) to evenly distribute the energy load among the sensors in the network. LEACH uses localized coordination to enable scalability and robustness for dynamic networks, and incorporates data fusion into the routing protocol to reduce the amount of information that must be transmitted to the base station. Simulations show that LEACH can achieve as much as a factor of 8 reduction in energy dissipation compared with conventional routing protocols. In addition, LEACH is able to distribute energy dissipation evenly throughout the sensors, doubling the useful system lifetime for the networks we simulated.

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Project - HTTPTracer

HTTPTracer is an application that sits between your HTTP client and your HTTP server and sniffs all the communication that goes on between the two. You can understand what's really passing thru your HTTP connections.

This is normally useful to:

• understand if your caching mechanisms really work
• understand if the browser is really using keep-alive or if it's generating new TCP/IP roundtrips for every object
• understand if your browser is using HTTP pipelining or not
• see what HTTP headers and actions are used
• see how the data attached is encoded
• see if the content is really encrypted/compressed or not
• ... and all the stuff that your HTTP clients work so hard to hide from you (which is good if you are an end user, not so good if your job is not only to make your HTTP connection work but work well!)

How do I use it?

The application should be self-explanatory: after you launch it, create a connection to an existing web site by specifying the host name and the port, and specifying what local port it should attach to (for example 8080).

After you have created the connection listener, point your browser to http://127.0.0.1:8080/ (or the port that you used) and start browsing! All the links in the pages will be rewritten automatically so that you can keep browsing as the remote web server was actually local and you can see the tracing being logged as the HTTP connection goes on.

Code download

Program download

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Project Abstract- Edge Detection

For both biological systems and machines, vision begins with a large and unwieldy array of measurements of the amount of light reflected from surfaces in the environment. The goal of vision is to recover physical properties of objects in the scene, such as the location of object boundaries and the structure, color and texture of object surfaces, from the two-dimensional image that is projected onto the eye or camera. This goal is not achieved in a single step; vision proceeds in stages, with each stage producing increasingly more useful descriptions of the image and then the scene. The first clue about the physical properties of the scene are provided by the changes of intensity in the image. The importance of intensity changes and edges in early visual processg has led to extensive research on their detection, description and .use, both in computer and biological vision systems. This article reviews some of the theory that underlies the detection of edges, and the methods used to carry out this analysis.

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Project – Student management System in java

A student information system (SIS) is a software application for education establishments to manage student data. Student information systems for entering student testa school, college or university. Also known as student information management system (SIMS), student records system (SRS), student management system (SMS), campus management system (CMS) or school management system (SMS).

These systems vary in size, scope and capability, from packages that are implemented in relatively small organizations to cover student records alone, to enterprise-wide solutions that aim to cover most aspects of running large multi-campus organizations with significant local responsibility. Many systems can be scaled to different levels of functionality by purchasing add-on "modules" and can typically be configured by their home institutions to meet local needs.

Reference

Source http://lernjava.blogspot.in/2010/04/student-management-system-project-in.html

Second Open source program for reference http://sourceforge.net/p/freesms/code/76/tree/

 

 

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Seminar Test automation framework

A test automation framework is a set of assumptions, concepts and tools that provide support for automated software testing. The main advantage of such a framework is the low cost for maintenance. If there is change to any test case then only the test case file needs to be updated and the Driver Script and Startup script will remain the same. Ideally, there is no need to update the scripts in case of changes to the application.
Choosing the right framework/scripting technique helps in maintaining lower costs. The costs associated with test scripting are due to development and maintenance efforts. The approach of scripting used during test automation has effect on costs.

Various framework/scripting techniques are generally used:

*Linear (procedural code, possibly generated by tools like those that use record and playback)
*Structured (uses control structures - typically ‘if-     else’, ‘switch’, ‘for’, ‘while’ conditions/ statements)
*Data-driven (data is persisted outside of tests in a database, spreadsheet, or other mechanism)
*Keyword-driven
*Hybrid (two or more of the patterns above are used)

Presentation

CTA Test Automation Framework.ppt

Understanding of Automation Framework - Software Testing Genius

Software Testing Automation Framework (STAF) -

Software Testing Automation Framework (STAF)

Building an Automation Framework around Open Source

Test Automation

Seminar on Digital and analog signals

An analog or analogue signal is any continuous signal for which the time varying feature (variable) of the signal is a representation of some other time varying quantity, i.e., analogous to another time varying signal. It differs from a digital signal in terms of small fluctuations in the signal which are meaningful. Analog is usually thought of in an electrical context; however, mechanical, pneumatic, hydraulic, and other systems may also convey analog signals.
An analog signal uses some property of the medium to convey the signal's information. For example, an aneroid barometer uses rotary position as the signal to convey pressure information. Electrically, the property most commonly used is voltage followed closely by frequency, current, and charge.

Any information may be conveyed by an analog signal; often such a signal is a measured response to changes in physical phenomena, such as sound, light, temperature, position, or pressure, and is achieved using a transducer. An analog signal is one where at each point in time the value of the signal is significant, where as a digital signal is one where at each point in time, the value of the signal must be above or below some discrete threshold.

For example, in sound recording, fluctuations in air pressure (that is to say, sound) strike the diaphragm of a microphone which induces corresponding fluctuations in the current produced by a coil in an electromagnetic microphone, or the voltage produced by a condenser microphone. The voltage or the current is said to be an "analog" of the sound.

Presentation

Periodic and Aperiodic Analog Signals

Signals

Signal Encoding Techniques - courses.missouristate.edu

Digital and Analog Communication

Signal Encoding Techniques

Analog and Digital Transmission

Digital-to-Analog Converter

Application Server

An application server is a software framework that provides an environment where applications can run, no matter what the applications are or what they do. It is dedicated to the efficient execution of procedures (programs, routines, scripts) for supporting the construction of applications.
The term was originally used when discussing early client–server systems to differentiate servers that run SQL services and middleware servers from file servers.

Later, the term took on the meaning of Web applications, but has since evolved further into more of a comprehensive service layer. An application server acts as a set of components accessible to the software developer through an API defined by the platform itself. For Web applications, these components are usually performed in the same machine where the Web server is running, and their main job is to support the construction of dynamic pages. However, present-day application servers target much more than just Web pages generation, they implement services like clustering, fail-over and load-balancing, so developers can be focused just on implementing the business logic.
Normally the term refers to Java application servers. When this is the case, the application server behaves like an extended virtual machine for the running applications, handling transparently connections to the database at one side, and connections to the Web client at the other.
Other uses of the term may refer to the services that a server makes available or the computer hardware on which the services run.

PowerPoint Presentation

Next Generation Web Application Server Platform

ApplicationServer.ppt

Application Servers

IBM WebSphere Application Server Fundamentals – Part 2

Application Server

J2EE Application Server

Inventory Control System

An inventory control system is a process for managing and locating objects or materials. In common usage, the term may also refer to just the software components.
Modern inventory control systems often rely upon barcodes and RFID tags to provide automatic identification of inventory objects. In an academic study performed at Wal-Mart, RFID reduced Out of Stocks by 30 percent for products selling between 0.1 and 15 units a day. Inventory objects could include any kind of physical asset: merchandise, consumables, fixed assets, circulating tools, library books, or capital equipment. To record an inventory transaction, the system uses a barcode scanner or RFID reader to automatically identify the inventory object, and then collects additional information from the operators via fixed terminals (workstations), or mobile computers.

An inventory control system may be used to automate a sales order fulfillment process. Such a system contains a list of order to be filled, and then prompts workers to pick the necessary items, and provides them with packaging and shipping information.
An inventory system also manages in and outwards material of hardware.
Real-time inventory control systems may use wireless, mobile terminals to record inventory transactions at the moment they occur. A wireless LAN transmits the transaction information to a central database.

PowerPoint Presentation on inventory control system

Inventory Management I

Inventory Management 2

Inventory Management 3

Inventory Systems for Independent Demand

DISTRIBUTION INVENTORY SYSTEMS

Inventory control model

Seminar - Online Gaming

An online game is a game played over some form of computer network. This almost always means the Internet or equivalent technology, but games have always used whatever technology was current: modems before the Internet, and hard wired terminals before modems. The expansion of online gaming has reflected the overall expansion of computer networks from small local networks to the Internet and the growth of Internet access itself. Online games can range from simple text based games to games incorporating complex graphics and virtual worlds populated by many players simultaneously. Many online games have associated online communities, making online games a form of social activity beyond single player games.

The rising popularity of Flash and Java led to an Internet revolution where websites could utilize streaming video, audio, and a whole new set of user interactivity. When Microsoft began packaging Flash as a pre-installed component of IE, the Internet began to shift from a data/information spectrum to also offer on-demand entertainment. This revolution paved the way for sites to offer games to web surfers. Some online multiplayer games like World of Warcraft, Final Fantasy XI and Lineage II charge a monthly fee to subscribe to their services, while games such as Guild Wars offer an alternative no monthly fee scheme. Many other sites relied on advertising revenues from on-site sponsors, while others, like RuneScape, or Tibia let people play for free while leaving the players the option of paying, unlocking new content for the members.

PowerPoint presentation on  Online gaming

Online Gaming

Online Gaming 2

Teens and Gaming

Online Gaming 3

Online Games 4

Measuring Online Game Application in GPRS and UMTS

Project – Online Survey System

LimeSurvey is a PHP survey software to create online surveys. Features open/closed surveys, branching, participant administration, quotas, WYSIWYG HTML editor, email invitations & reminders, assessments, basic statistics and more

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Project Abstract - Traffic Management System

Active traffic management (ATM), also known as managed lanes or smart lanes, is a scheme for improving traffic flow and reducing congestion on motorways. It has been implemented in several countries, including Germany, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It makes use of automatic systems and human intervention to manage traffic flow and ensure the safety of road users.

              

It is currently in operation on the M42 motorway south-east of Birmingham and in Warwickshire. The scheme had initially been criticized by some due to possible safety and environmental concerns, however a Highways Agency report into the first six months of the scheme scheme showed a reduction in the number of accidents from over 5 a month to 1.5 per month on average. It has now been expanded onto other roads following the initial trial on the M42. It is seen as a less expensive alternative to widening a road.

Powerpoint presentation on Traffic management system

Traffic Management Systems.ppt

Operations Management File Type Ppt

Seminar on Smartphone

A smartphone is a high-end mobile phone that offers more advanced computing ability and connectivity than a contemporary feature phone (i.e. a modern low-end phone). A smartphone combines the functions of a personal digital assistant (PDA) and a mobile phone. Today's models typically also serve as portable media players and camera phones with high-resolution touchscreen, GPS navigation, Wi-Fi and mobile broadband access.
A smartphone runs a complete mobile operating system. Widespread examples are Apple iOS, Google Android, Microsoft Windows Phone 7, Nokia Symbian, Research In Motion BlackBerry OS, and embedded Linux distributions such as Maemo and MeeGo. Such systems can be installed on many different phone models. They can run third-party applications, using an application programming interface (API).
According to an Olswang report in early 2011, the rate of smartphone adoption is accelerating: as of March 2011 22% of UK consumers had a smartphone, with this percentage rising to 31% amongst 24–35 year olds. Growth in demand for advanced mobile devices boasting powerful processors and graphics processing units, abundant memory (FLASH memory), high-resolution screens with multi-touch capability, and open operating systems has outpaced the rest of the mobile phone market for several years. According to an early 2010 study by ComScore, over 45.5 million people in the United States owned smartphones out of 234 million total subscribers. Despite the large increase in smartphone sales in the last few years, smartphone shipments only make up 20% of total handset shipments, as of the first half of 2010. In March 2011 Berg Insight reported data that showed global smartphone shipments increased 74% from 2009 to 2010.

                  

Power point presentation on Smartphone

Smartphones at Rice University

SmartPhone Attacks and Defenses

Smart-phones

Smartphones in Ophthalmology

Understanding Win32 Support in Pocket PC and Smartphone

SmartPhone Thesis A Seminar - cse

Project - 2D Sonar

This project will implement a phase-array sonar system that will create a two-dimensional map of the environment directly in front of the array and display it on a screen for the user. The system will consist of one acoustic transmitter and a number of receivers. The receivers will be placed in a linear array spaced appropriately. Analysis of the phase relationships (to determine the angle) and delays (to calculate distances) in the receivers will allow a two-dimensional map of the environment to be drawn.

The project will consist of three parts: a signal processor, a master controller, and a display module. The signal processor will manipulate the phases of the different received signals to determine the distance to the target at a certain angle. The master controller dictates when data is gathered, processed, and post-processed. The display module will make a two-dimensional color-coded map that shows distance and highlights edges. There will also be alternate display modes that show waveforms of received signals to help with debugging.

Project Files

Presentation (PDF)

Report (PDF)

Report Appendix (PDF)

Project - 3D Pong

3D Pong takes MIT Pong to the next level with a 3D interface. At the heart of the project there is a hardware based 3D renderer. The renderer takes in a 3D model, specifically a sequence of colored triangles in a 3D space, and produces a 2D SVGA image. The view is controlled through a trackball mouse, which specifies rotations, translations and zoom. While the renderer can take in pre-built models stored in on-chip ROM, during gameplay a model of the current board is generated dynamically.

The project contains several high-level modules in addition to the renderer. A track-ball driver connects to the PS/2 interface and provide rotation, translation and zoom inputs, along with a possible lightsource input, to the renderer. A game-logic module provides ball and paddle coordinates to the game-model builder. The game-model builder turns the ball and paddle coordinates into a 3D model of the game field. The 2D image produced by the renderer is buffered in a double-buffer module which interfaces with the labkit SRAM. An SVGA module uses these buffered images to generate monitor outputs.

The renderer is pipelined, and is divided into several submodules. These include a rotator, a translator, a triangle shader, a projector, and a pixel-painter. The rotator module uses matrix multiplication to rotate triangle vertices about the origin. The translator module uses signed subtraction to recenter the points about a new origin. The shader module calculates a vector normal to the triangle's plain, then take a dot product with the light-source vector, in order to calculate the proper color for the entire triangle. The projector module, uses the z-coordinate of each point to rescale the x and y coordinates, based on a given lens focal length. Finally, the pixel painter enumerates the pixels in the interior of the triangle, storing their colors and z-coordinates to the buffer module.

Project Files

Presentation (PDF)

Report (PDF)

Report Appendix (PDF)

Project on Laser Pointer Mouse

The purpose of this project is to design an implement a laser pointer mouse. When doing a PowerPoint presentation or using the computer for any other occasion for which it is inconvenient to be sitting in front of it, users would like a way to control the computer remotely. The laser pointer mouse allows lecturers and presenters to point at the screen, and, with the press of a button, move the mouse cursor to the location of the laser, without ever touching the computer or mouse. A few more buttons allow the user to perform wirelessly transmitted left, right, and double clicks. Support for drawing over the screen, e.g. arrows and circles for increased presentation effectiveness, will be implemented as time permits. The system will be implemented in Verilog, and realized on the FPGA on the 6.111 labkit.

  

Project Files

Presentation (PDF)

Report (PDF - 5.7 MB)

Report Appendix (PDF)